“In what terms should we think of these beings, nonhuman yet possessing so very many human-like characteristics? How should we treat them? Surely we should treat them with the same consideration and kindness as we show to other humans; and as we recognize human rights, so too should we recognize the rights of the great apes? Yes.”
Human Rights aims are
💧 To promote dignity of the human person
💧 To apply to any human being whatever its nationality, its ethnic or social rigins, its religion…
💧 Not to be deprived of human rights without being a victim of a serious injustice.
💧 It is a common language to humanity
Historical Background of Human Rights
In 539 B.C., the armies of Cyrus the Great, the first king of ancient Persia, was recognized as the world’s first charter of human rights.It is translated into all six official languages of the United Nations and its provisions parallel the first four Articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
The Cyrus made on human rights in the Akkadian language on a baked-clay cylinder
From Babylon, the idea of human rights spread quickly to India, Greece and eventually Rome. There the concept of “natural law” arose. In observation of the fact that people tended to follow certain unwritten laws in the course of life, and Roman law was based on rational ideas derived from the nature of things.
On October 24, 1945, after the second World , the United Nations came into being as an intergovernmental organization, with the purpose of saving future generations from the ruin of international conflict.
Purpose of the UN was to bring peace to all nations of the world. The United Nations was founded in 1945.When it was established the faith in human rights of all the peoples taking part.Human rights were cited in the founding Charter as central to their concerns and have remained so ever since. One of the first major achievements of the newly formed United Nations was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR),1 adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948.This powerful instrument has an important impact on people’s lives all over the world. It was the first time in history that a document considered to have universal value was adopted by an international organization. On December 10, 1948 the General Assembly of the United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, so that every individual of the society keep this Declaration constantly in mind.They should to strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms.
THE STORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS
SEJARAH PERKEMBANGAN
Hak Asasi Manusia
Setelah dunia mengalami dua proses peperangan yang melibatkan hampir seluruh kawasan dunia, dimana hak hak asasi manusia telah diinjak-injak, timbul keinginan unutk merumuskan hak hak asasi manusia itu di dalam suatu naskah Internasional. Usaha ini baru dimulai tahun 1948 dengan diterimanya Universal Declaration of Human Rights yaitu pernyataan sedunia tentang hak hak asasi manusia oleh negara-negara yang tergabung dalam PBB. Lahirnya deklarasi HAM Universal merupakan reaksi atas kejahatan keji kemanusiaan yang dilakukan oleh kaum sosialis nasional di jerman selam 1933 sampai 1945.
Terwujudnya deklarasi HAM yang dideklarasikan pada tanggal 10 desember 1948 harus melewati proses yang cukup panjang dan melelahkan. Dalam proses ini telah lahir beberapa naskah HAM yang mendasari kehidupan manusia dan yang bersifat universal dan asasi.
Hak-hak manusia yang telah dirumuskan sepanjang abad ke-17 dan 19 ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh gagasan mengenai hukum alam, sepertian yang dirumuskan oleh John Lock dan Jean Jaques Rousseau dan hanya membatasi pada hak-hak yang bersifat politis saja, sepertia kesamaan hak atas kebebasan, hak untuk memilih dan sebagainya.
Dalam Sejarah HAM, pada abab ke 20 hak-hak politik ini dianggap kurang sempurna dan mulailah dicetuskan hak-hak lain yang lebih luas cakupan pembahasannya. Satu diantara yang sangat terkenal ialah empat hak yang dirumuskan oleh presiden Amerika F. D. Roosevelt pada awal PD II. Sejalan dengan pemikiran ini maka PBB memprakarsai berdirinya sebuah komisi HAM untuk pertama kali yang diberi nama Commission on Human Rights pada tahun 1949. Komisi inilah yang kemudian menetapkan secara terperinci beberapa hak-hak ekonomi dan sosia disamping hak-hak politisi.
Sekian pembahasan mengenai pengertian HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia) dan Sejarah HAM (HAK Asasi Manusia, semoga tulisan saya mengenai Pengertian HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia) dan Sejarah HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia) dapat bermanfaat.
Sumber : Buku dalam Penulisan Pengertian HAM dan Sejarah HAM :
– A.Ubaidillah, Abdul Rozak dkk, 2000. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (Demokrasi, HAM & Masyarakat Madani). Penerbit IAIN Jakarta Press : Jakarta.
* Satu video yang pendek yang berkaiatan dengan sejarah hak asasi manusia *
every people deserved respect<3
回复删除Good description
回复删除so interesting
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